Chemical Pathology analyzes blood, urine, and body fluids to diagnose diseases, monitor health, and assess treatment effectiveness by measuring key chemical constituents and biomarkers.
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Cytogenetics studies chromosomes to diagnose genetic disorders and cancers using techniques like karyotyping and FISH.
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Haematology is the medical specialty that diagnoses and treats blood disorders, including anemia and blood cancers like leukemia. Haematological tests also provide important information for diagnosis and management of infectious diseases like bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases.
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Histopathology is the examination of tissue samples and body fluids to identify diseases, particularly cancer. It involves preparing specimens and staining to observe cellular structures, providing crucial information for diagnosis and treatment.
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Clinical microbiology diagnostics focuses on identifying and analyzing microorganisms—bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa—examining their structure, growth, and interactions with the host, particularly in relation to infectious diseases and their applications in biotechnology and public health.
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Molecular diagnostics analyzes DNA and RNA to detect genetic sequences linked to diseases, aiding in accurate diagnosis, treatment decisions, and patient monitoring.
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